G
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Galangal
is a seasoning derived from the dried
root of Alpinia officinarum,
a plant found in
China and the East Indies.
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Galantine
is a dish which consists usually of a
white meat, well flavoured and made into
a
roll. It is served cold and
has a glazed surface.
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Gamay is a type of
grape used to produce red
wine. It produces a fruity
wine such as French Beaujolais.
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Gammon1
is a cured or smoked
ham. The term is often
applied to the hindquarter of a side of
bacon, cooked either whole or
cut into large rashers (gammon steaks).
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Garam masala
is an aromatic mixture of spices,
extensively used in curries.
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Garbanzo Bean - The round irregularly shaped buff-colored
legumes with a firm texture and a mild
nut-like flavor. Also called
"chick-peas" and "ceci." Used in salads,
soups, and stews.
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Garde Manger:
(French) The person in charge of cold
meat department or the department
itself.
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Gargoyle
is a tasty cask
bitter from the Lichfield
brewery in the
Midlands.
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Garlic - A hardy bulbous plant related to leeks,
chives, onions, and shallots. A powerful
seasoning that can be used with almost
any non-sweet dish. Garlic remains in
the body and affects the breath and even
the skin's odor.
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Garnish:
To decorate. Also referring to the food
used to decorate.
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Garniture:
French for garnish.
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Gateau (French) Cake.
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Gaufres:
(French) Wafers.
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Gazpacho - A cold summertime soup from Spain. This
uncooked soup contains a puree of
tomatoes, sweet peppers, onions, celery,
cucumber, bread crumbs, garlic, olive
oil, and vinegar. Sometimes served with
croutons and hard-boiled eggs.
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GB Mild
is a smooth, malty, fruity bear brewed
by the
Lees family brewery in north
Manchester.
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Gefilte Fish - This popular Jewish dish consists of ground
fish mixed with eggs, matzo meal, and
seasonings that have been formed into
balls or patties then simmered in
vegetable or fish stock. The fish used
is usually carp, pike, or whitefish.
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Gelatin - An odorless, tasteless, and colorless
thickening agent that forms a jelly when
dissolved into hot water then cooled.
Used in jellied desserts, salads, and
cold soups. Available in both flavored
and unflavored varieties.
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Genoa cake
is a rich fruit cake, usually decorated
with almonds.
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Georges bitter ale
is a light, refreshing
bitter from the Courage
brewery which was formerly
Georges, in
Bristol.
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Gewurztraminer -
An excellent white-wine grape that is
grown in Germany and California. It is
pink and yields a spicy, heavily
perfumed, soft wine. "Gewurz" means
"spice" in German.
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Ghee - Butter that has been melted to separate the milk solids
from the liquid on the surface. This
liquid is simmered until all the
moisture evaporates and the milk solids
begin to brown. The result is a
clarified butter that keeps well.
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Gherkin - The young fruit of a small variety of dark
green cucumbers grown especially for
pickling. The French call this pickle
"cornichons."
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Giblet - "Giblets" usually refers to the heart, liver,
gizzard, and sometimes the neck of
poultry. All of these except for the
liver are normally used to flavor
stocks, soups, and gravies.
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Gibson -
This drink is identical to the Martini,
which is made with gin and vermouth,
except that it is garnished with a white
cocktail onion. This drink was named
after the illustrator Charles Gibson,
the creator of the famous "Gibson Girl."
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Gimlet -
A cocktail composed of sugar syrup, lime
juice, vodka (or gin) and sometimes soda
water.
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Gin -
An unaged liquor using of distillates
from barley, corn, or rye, and juniper
berries. London dry gin is colorless.
Hollands gin is a Dutch gin that tastes
very different from other gins because
of its large proportion of barley malt.
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Ginger - A tropical plant cultivated for its root. The
flavor is peppery and sweet, the odor is
spicy. Used to flavor candy, soups,
meat, poultry, curries, gingerbread, and
cakes. Also the chief flavoring agent
for ginger ale.
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Ginger Beer
is a low
alcohol style of beer
flavoured with
root
ginger.
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Ginger Tom
is a ginger-flavoured
ale from the
Hoskins &
Oldfield brewery,
Leicester.
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Gingersnap
is a dark, orangey-coloured
wheat beer, brewed with
fresh
root
ginger from the Salopian
brewery,
Shrewsbury.
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Ginkgo Nut - A delicately sweet nut from the heart of the
inedible fruit of the maidenhair tree.
Particularly popular in oriental
cooking.
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Ginseng -
The Chinese name for this sweet
licorice-flavored root means
"human-shaped root." Often used in teas,
ginseng has been credited over the
centuries for being everything from a
restorative to an aphrodisiac.
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Gjetost Cheese - A Norwegian cheese made from goat's and cow's
milk whey. The brown color and sweetness
are the result of slow cooking the milk
until its colors caramelize.
Scandinavia's "Mysost" cheese is made
using cow's milk only.
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Gladstone
is a refreshing, smooth
bitter from the
McMullen brewery,
Hertford.
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Glogg
is a hot alcoholic
mixed drink, originally from
Sweden, consisting of
sweetened
brandy, red
wine,
bitters or other flavourings,
and blanched almonds.
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Glucose - Glucose is a sugar. The most common form of
this sugar is called
"dextroglucose"--commonly referred to as
"dextrose." Corn syrup is a form of
glucose made from cornstarch.
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Glutinous Rice - Also called "pearl rice," this rice is
actually gluten-free. It is the
preferred variety in the Orient because
it is sticky and therefore easily
handled with chop sticks.
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Gnocchi
are dumplings made of pieces of semolina
pasta, or sometimes
potato, used to garnish soup
or served alone with a sauce.
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Goa Bean - A fast-growing, high-protein legume. Also
called the "winged bean." This bean is
entirely edible, including the shoots,
flower, roots, leaves, pods, and seeds.
Tastes somewhat like a cross between the
cranberry bean and the green bean.
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Goat - Goat meat has been eaten in other countries for centuries,
but it never got very popular in the
U.S. Most goat meat comes from
kids--goats under 6 months old. Kid meat
is as tender and delicate as lamb.
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Goat Water
is a
goat stew made in
Montserrat.
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Goatfish - Goatfish is so named because of its two long
"whiskers" that resemble a goat's
whiskers. The meat is firm and lean.
This fish is normally available only on
the East Coast and through the Florida
Keys.
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Goat's Milk - Goat's milk can often be found canned in
supermarkets. Fresh goat's milk is
sometimes available in health food
stores. This milk is often made into
goat cheese, which is better known as
"Chèvre."
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Gobo - This slender root vegetable has brown skin and grayish
white flesh. Used in soups as well as
with vegetables and meats. Also known as
"burdock."
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Godfathers
is an award winning real
ale from the Itchen Brewery
in
Hampshire,
England, made with four
varieties of
hop.
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Gold Label
is England's best-known bottled
barley
wine. This spicy, warming
brew is produced by Whitbread.
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Golden best
is a fine mild from the
Timothy
Taylor brewery, Keighley,
Yorkshire.
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Golden bitter
is a fruity
bitter from Archers in
Swindon.
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Golden Brew
is a golden, aromatic,
bitter from the Smiles
brewery,
Bristol.
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Golden Cadillac -
A creamy, gold-colored cocktail made
from Galliano, white Creme de Cacao, and
heavy cream.
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Golden syrup
is a pale yellow syrup made by the
evaporation of cane
sugar juice. It is less sweet
than sugar and is generally used to
flavour puddings.
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Goose - Any of many species of fatty, web-footed wild
or domesticated birds that are larger
than ducks. The female is the "goose,"
the male is called the "gander." Roasted
goose is traditional holiday fare in
many European countries.
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Gooseberry - Large tart berries used in jams, jellies, pies
and desserts. The English and French use
this berry to make gooseberry sauce for
use with boiled or baked mackerel.
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Goosefish - This large low-fat, firm-textured salt-water
fish has a mild, sweet flavor that
compares with lobster. Also called
"angler fish," and "monkfish."
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Gothic ale
is a dark
ale from the
Enville Farm brewery,
Staffordshire.
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Gouda Cheese - This is Holland's number one exported cheese.
It is mild and has a nut-like flavor
that is similar to Holland's number two
exported cheese, edam. Some goudas are
flavored with cumin or herbs.
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Gourmet:
(French) Connoisseur of culinary
delights.
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Governor
is an
amber
bitter from the
Hull brewery.
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Graduate
is a roasted-malt-flavoured premium
bitter from the Morrells
brewery,
Oxford.
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Granadilla - A tropical fruit native to Brazil, but now
grown in the U.S., New Zealand, and
Australia. The flavor is sweet, yet
tart, and has a perfumy tropical
fragrance. Also called "passion fruit."
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Granary bitter
is an amber-coloured beer with a
bitter, fruity character,
from the
Reepham brewery near
Norwich.
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Granola - A food composed of grains (mostly oats), nuts
and dried fruits.
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Grape - Any of thousands of varieties of edible
berries that grow in clusters.
"Slip-skin" varieties have skins that
slip off easily. Table grapes are eaten
out-of-hand. Grapes used for wines are
highly acid and generally too tart to
eat.
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Grape Leaves - The large green leaves of grapevines. These
leaves are often used in the Middle East
to wrap foods, such as "dolmas," for
cooking. Also called "vine leaves."
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Grapefruit - So named because they grow in grape-like
clusters. These large citrus fruits are
grown in Arizona, California, Florida,
and Texas. They are available in both
seeded and seedless varieties.
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Grapeseed Oil - Oil derived from the seeds of grapes. Used in
salad dressings and for sautéing.
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Grasshopper -
A sweet after-dinner cocktail made with
cream, Creme de Menthe, and white Creme
de Cacao.
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Gravy - A sauce made from meat juices and combined
with a liquid broth, wine, or milk, plus
a thickening agent such as flour or
cornstarch. Before refrigeration, sauces
were used to help hide the taste of
foods that were going rancid.
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Great Northern Bean - A very large white bean with a
distinctive, delicate flavor. Popular in
the Midwest for baked bean dishes. Can
be substituted for any variety of white
beans for most recipes.
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Green Bean - A small green bean that is eaten in its long
green pod. The green bean used to have a
fibrous "string" down the center of the
pod; this characteristic has been bred
out of the species. Also called "string
bean."
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Green Beer
is a term applied to a young beer which
has not had time to mature.
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Green Pea - A small, round green vegetable from the legume
family. Also known as the garden pea.
Unlike snow peas, which are eaten pod
and all, green peas are eaten without
the pod. Used by the Greeks and Romans
long before Christian times.
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Grenache
is a type of
grape often used to make rose
wine, it is a component of
French Chateauneuf-du-Pape,
Cotes
du
Rhone and most other
appellations from the south of
France.
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Grenadine - A brilliant scarlet non-alcoholic syrup made
from the juice of pomegranates. Used to
color and flavor drinks and desserts.
Called "grena dine" because was
originally available only from the
island of Grenada in the Caribbean.
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Grits - "Grits" refers to any coarsely ground grain
such as corn, oats, or rice. Today, most
"grits" are hominy grits. Grits are
available in coarse, medium, and fine
grinds.
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Grog is a nautical term
for
rum and water. It derived its
name from
admiral
Edward Vernon who wore
grogram breeches and was hence called
'Old Grog'. In 1745 he ordered his
sailors to dilute their rum with water,
and hence the mixture became known as
grog.
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Ground Allspice - Comes from the pea-sized berry of the
evergreen pimiento tree, native to the
West Indies and South America. Named
"allspice" because it tastes somewhat
like a combination of cinnamon, nutmeg,
and cloves.
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Ground Beef, Extra Lean -
Also called "ground round" or "ground
sirloin, this type of ground beef
contains approximately 11% fat.
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Ground Beef, Lean - Also called "ground chuck." The fat content is
approximately 15% to 20%. This form of
ground beef is flavorful, yet doesn't
shrink excessively--it's the favorite
choice for making hamburgers.
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Ground Beef, Regular - This form of ground beef is usually
made from the lower cost cuts such as
brisket or shank. The fat content is up
to 30%.
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Ground Cherry - Also known as "cape gooseberry," this fruit
has a bittersweet, juicy flesh. This
fruit is eaten out of hand and used with
meats, pies, jams, and savory foods.
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Ground Husk Tomato - A small fruit, also called the
"Tomatillo," that is related to the
tomato and the cape gooseberry. Their
flavor is said to resemble a cross
between lemon, apple, and herbs. Used in
guacamole and many sauces.
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Ground Mace - Mace is a spice made from the membrane that
covers the nutmeg seed. Tastes like a
stronger, more aromatic version of
nutmeg.
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Ground Pepper - The result of grinding peppercorns, the
berries of the pepper plant. Ground
pepper is the world's most popular
spice. (Salt is not a spice--it's a
mineral.) Ground pepper stimulates
gastric juices and aids in digestion.
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Grouper - This true sea bass, found in the Gulf of
Mexico and the Atlantic, has a lean firm
flesh. Its skin has a strong flavor and
should be removed prior to cooking.
Groupers have the ability to change to
the color of their surroundings.
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Grouse - A small, low-fat game bird. Quality birds
should have no odor.
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Gruyère Cheese - A Swiss processed cheese made from whole cow's
milk. Light yellow with small holes.
Tastes like Swiss, except a bit sharper.
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GSB is a dry, fruity
bitter from the Elgood
brewery near
Wisbech.
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Guacamole - Mashed avocados. Sometimes contains lemon or
lime to prevent discoloration and
seasonings such as cilantro (coriander),
chili powder, red pepper, finely chopped
tomatoes, and green onions.
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Guanabana - The large, dark-green, slightly acidic and
pulpy flesh of the fruit of a small West
Indies tree called the "soursop." Not
surprisingly, this fruit is also called
"soursop."
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Guava - A sweet, aromatic tropical fruit from the
myrtle family. Used in jams, jellies,
preserves, sauces, and beverages. Can
also be eaten out of hand.
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Gueuze is a ripe blend of
old and new Belgian lambics which causes
a secondary
fermentation to occur
resulting in a distinctive sparkling
beer with a fruity, sour dry
taste.
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Guinea Fowl - A relative to the chicken and partridge, the
female (hen) makes better eating than
the male. The taste has been described
as "pleasantly gamey." Guinea fowl were
raised and eaten by the Greeks and
Romans.
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Guinness Extra Stout
is a bottled stout made with unmalted
roasted
barley and heavily hopped to
give a very
bitter
taste.
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Guinness
is an Irish stout brewed in
Ireland and other parts of
the world. It has a smooth texture due
to the
nitrogen dispensing system
used in the draught beer.
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Gumbo Filé - A seasoning and thickening agent made from the
young leaves of the sassafras tree.
Originated from the Choctaw Indians who
lived in Louisiana prior to the
settlers' arrival. Used to make the
creole specialty "gumbo."
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Gunpowder
is a liquorice-black mild from the Coach
House brewery,
Warrington.
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Gunpowder tea
is a fine variety of green
tea (often from
China), each leaf of which is
rolled into a pellet.
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