L
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Laban is an Arab drink
consisting of coagulated sour
milk.
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Labrador tea
is a Canadian infusion brewed from an
arctic
evergreen ericaceous shrub.
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Lachryma Christi
is a red or white
wine from the
bay
of
Naples
in southern
Italy.
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Lactose - Also called "milk sugar," lactose is that
sugar that occurs naturally in milk. It
is less sweet than any of the other
sugars. Used in baby formulas and
candies.
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Ladyfinger -
A light and delicate sponge cake that is
shaped somewhat like a large, fat
finger. Often used as an accompaniment
to ice cream, puddings, and other
desserts.
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Lahvosh - A round, flat, crispbread that ranges from
about 6 to 14 inches in diameter. Also
known as "Armenian Cracker Bread."
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Lait: (French) Milk.
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Lake Herring - One of the most prized whitefish found in the
Great Lakes and in Canada. May be
prepared in any manner suitable for
salmon. Also called "cisco" and "chub."
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Laksa
is a Malaysian dish of
Chinese origin consisting of
rice noodles served in
curry
or hot soup.
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Lamb - A sheep under 1 year old. "Baby lamb" in slaughtered at
between 6 - 8 weeks of age, "spring
lamb" at 3 - 5 months, "regular lamb" at
under one year. Lamb over 1 year old is
"mutton" and is less tender and has a
stronger flavor than lamb.
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Lamington
in
Australia
and
New Zealand, is a cube of
sponge
cake coated in
chocolate
and dried coconut.
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Lancashire hotpot
is a stew of meat,
potato
and
onion resembling
Irish Stew.
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Lancaster bomber
is a straw-coloured cask
ale from the
Mitchell
brewery in Lancaster.
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Landlord is a classic, amber-coloured, premium
bitter
with a buttery flavour, from
Timothy
Taylor's brewery in Keighley,
Yorkshire. It won the Champion Beer of
Britain award in 1994.
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Langostino - The Spanish word for "prawn."
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Langouste:
(lahn-goost) (French) Crawfish.
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Lapin Kulta
is a strong Finnish
Pilsner
brewed by Hartwall.
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Lard - Rendered and clarified pork fat. The best lard is called
"leaf lard," and it comes from around
the pig's kidneys.
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Larding:
Salt pork strips inserted into meat with
a special needle. Used to add flavor and
moisture to meat.
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Lardon is a strip of
bacon
or pork used to
lard
meat.
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Lardons:
Juienne of bacon. Strips of salt pork used for larding.
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Larkins best bitter
is a full-bodied, fruity
bitter from the Larkins
Kent
brewery.
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Lasagna -
A wide, flat pasta noodle with a ruffled
or plain edge. Also a dish prepared
using the lasagna noodle with various
cheeses, and a tomato sauce. A meat is
sometimes included. The plural of
"lasagna" is "lasagne."
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Laver - A very nutritious seaweed that is normally
sold in tissue-thin sheets. It has a
tangy, sweet flavor and a dark purple
color. Used in soups or deep-fried as an
appetizer.
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Leek - A relative to the onion and the garlic. It has a mild
onion flavor and is used as a vegetable
or as seasoning for salads, soups, and
other dishes.
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Legumes:
(French) Dried beans, peas, lentils and
such.
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Lemon - A yellow citrus fruit with a juicy flesh and a
acidic juice. This simple fruit is a
powerful flavoring agent that finds
hundreds of uses in desserts, drinks,
marinades, and drinks.
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Lemonade -
A popular beverage made of lemon juice,
sugar, and water.
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Lentil -
A nutritious member of the legume
family, the lentil is most often eaten
in the U.S. in soups. In Europe, they
are frequently used in stews and in
salads.
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Lettuce - There are several hundred varieties of
lettuce. The four most general
classifications include "butterhead,"
"crisphead," "leaf," and "Romaine." The
darker green outer leaves contain the
most vitamins.
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Liaison:
A binding agent made up of egg yolks and
cream, used for thickening soups and
sauces.
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Licorice - A plant whose root provides an extract that
has long been used to flavor confections
and medicines. "Licorice" also refers to
candy that has been flavored with
licorice extract.
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Lima Bean - A pale green, plump-bodied bean with a slight
kidney-shaped curve. Baby limas are
smaller and milder than the Fordhook
variety (which are not mature baby
limas). The popular combination of lima
beans and corn is called "succotash."
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Limburger Cheese - A highly aromatic whole cow's milk cheese with
a cream-colored interior and a light
grayish brown surface. It originated in
Belgium but most of it is imported from
Germany. Most consider it an acquired
taste.
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Lime - A small, green citrus fruit that resembles a lemon. Used
in drinks and is the primary ingredient
in the famous "Key lime pie." British
sailors were called "limeys" because
they used lime as a scurry-preventative.
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Lingcod - A North American Pacific coast fish with a mildly sweet flavor
and a firm, lean texture.
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Linguine - Long, narrow, flat pasta noodles that are
sometimes called "flat spaghetti."
"Linguine" is the Italian word for
"little tongues."
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Linseed Oil, Edible - An oil pressed from flaxseed.
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LIQUID
SUGARS
Invert Sugar
— is the result of inversion
(hydrolysis) of sucrose, that is, the
splitting of sucrose molecules into
their dextrose and fructose components.
The degree of inversion can range from
slight to great, depending upon the
amount of heat, acid or enzyme applied.
"Medium Invert" means half of the
sucrose molecules present have been
split into their fructose/dextrose
components, and the remaining half are
undisturbed sucrose molecules. "Total
Invert" means all of the sucrose
molecules have been split into their
fructose and dextrose components, with
consequently no sucrose remaining. Both
medium and total invert syrups are
commercially available.
Liquid Sucrose — refers to a
solution made by dissolving sugar in
warm-to-hot water — but not so hot as to
cause any inversion. It is sold to
dairies and food processors in bulk at
67.5 percent sugar solids, a
concentration approximately equal to
dissolving 1.8 lb. sugar in one pound of
water. However, liquid sugar solutions
of higher concentrations are routinely
made in batch amounts by confectioners.
For example, when one pound of water is
heated to 200° F (93.3° C), about 4 2/3
lb. of sugar will dissolve in it,
resulting in a solution that is 82
percent sugar and 18 percent water. When
such a solution is cooled to, say, 69°
F, an unstable but highly useful
situation called a supersaturated
solution is created, and is the basis
for fondants, fudge and similar creamy
confections. The precise manner in which
a supersaturated solution is cooled and
agitated or beaten by the candy maker is
the hallmark of his or her art.
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Liqueur
is a strong sweet alcoholic beverage
with a spirit base and flavoured with
aromatics.
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Liquorice
is the
root or underground stem of the
plant
Glycyrrhiza
glabra. It is usually sold as
cylindrical, brown pieces which are
sweet to the
taste
due to a substance called it
glycyrrhizine contains.
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Litchi - This fruit is used in salads and as a dessert.
It has a creamy white flesh that is
juicy and sweet. The litchi has been
cultivated in China for over 2,000
years. Dried litchis are eaten like
nuts. Also called the "lychee nut."
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Lite
is a North American
term applied to thin, low
calorie
beers.
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Liver - This nutritious organ meat filters toxins from
the blood. Select the youngest liver you
can find. Poultry generally offers the
mildest flavored and most tender livers;
pork has the strongest and toughest
liver of those commonly available.
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Liverwurst - German for "liver sausage." Liverwurst is a
ready-to-eat sausage of at least 30%
ground pork liver plus other meats
combined with spices and seasonings. The
most famous liverwurst is called
"Braunschweiger."
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Lobster - This crustacean was used as bait until around
1880. Because dead lobsters spoil
quickly, they should be cooked live if
possible. (Live lobsters curl their
tails under when picked up.) Look for
curled tails on precooked lobsters.
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Loganberry - A berry that resembles a red raspberry (purple when ripe). The
berry, discovered by in the late 1800's
by J. H. Logan in California, tastes
somewhat like a raspberry but is
slightly more acidic.
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London Broil - A flank steak that has been cut into large
pieces, tenderized by marinating,
broiled or grilled, then sliced into
thin strips across the grain before it
is served.
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London Pride
is Fuller's fine, deep-red best
bitter beer. It has a rich, dry,
malty, hoppy
taste.
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Long Island Tea -
An alcoholic beverage consisting of gin,
vodka, cola and lemon. Tequila is
sometimes also used.
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Longan - A small, round fruit with a thin brown shell.
Its flesh is soft, white, juicy, and
surrounds one large black seed. Used as
a snack, in oriental soups, desserts,
and some sweet-and-sour dishes.
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Longbean - A pencil-thin legume from the black-eye pea
family that looks like a very long green
bean. These beans can grow a yard long,
but are usually picked at 18" or less.
These beans are slightly less sweet and
crispy as the green bean.
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Loofah - The fruit of any of several tropical vines of
the gourd family. The dried insides of
these gourds can be used as a sponge.
Also called "vegetable sponge" and
"sponge gourd."
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Looseleaf Lettuce - Looseleaf lettuce varieties include
"greenleaf," "oakleaf," and "redleaf."
These varieties of lettuce offer large
loose heads of crisp, delicately
flavored leaves. More perishable than
iceberg or romaine.
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Loquat - This pear-shaped fruit has a juicy, crisp
flesh and a sweetly tart flavor. Used as
a snack, in salads, and in chicken and
duck dishes.
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Lotte - This large low-fat, firm-textured salt-water
fish has a mild, sweet flavor that
compares with lobster. Sometimes
referred to as "poor man's lobster."
Also called "angler fish," "monkfish,"
and "goosefish."
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Lotus - The lotus is a water lily whose leaves, root,
and seeds are used in oriental cooking.
The root can be used as a vegetable. The
seeds are used in desserts.
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Lupine - This flat, yellow bean native to the
Mediterranean basin, has been cultivated
since ancient times. A three-hour
soaking in water removes a bitter taste.
Occasionally eaten roasted as a snack.
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Lynesack Porter
is a very dark beer, even for a
porter
with a sweet, malty finish. It is
produced by the
Butterknowle
brewery in Bishop
Auckland.
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Lyonnaise Potatoes: (French) Potatoes sliced and sauteed with
onions.
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